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- <text id=90TT2830>
- <title>
- Oct. 29, 1990: A Quotas-vs.-Voters Dilemma
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1990
- Oct. 29, 1990 Can America Still Compete?
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- NATION, Page 42
- A Quotas-vs.-Voters Dilemma
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p>The President endangers his support among blacks by digging in
- his heels on a civil rights bill
- </p>
- <p> The first major test of George Bush's civil rights
- commitment reached the Oval Office last week in the form of a
- 30-page document. The Civil Rights Act of 1990--passed last
- week by overwhelming majorities in both houses of Congress--seeks to strengthen protections against discrimination in the
- workplace, making it easier for minorities and women to prove
- civil rights violations against employers. But Bush is
- threatening to veto it.
- </p>
- <p> The President insists he wants to sign a civil rights bill,
- but not one that will force "businesses to adopt quotas in
- hiring and promotion." Democratic leaders say the President's
- excuse is a sham. "We've met every legitimate concern of the
- Administration, and our efforts have been met with nothing but
- political sloganeering," charges Texan Jack Brooks, chairman
- of the House Judiciary Committee.
- </p>
- <p> The latest political impasse with Congress presents Bush
- with a tough election-year dilemma. The President does not want
- to alienate black voters, about half of whom currently support
- him in opinion polls. But neither does he want to jeopardize
- the crucial votes of blue-collar Reagan Democrats who oppose
- any hint of racial job quotas. Tepid conservative supporters
- and worried business groups, moreover, say they are against any
- law that could draw more civil rights claims into court. "This
- is a turning point, a defining moment in the Bush presidency,"
- says Ralph Neas, executive director of the Leadership
- Conference on Civil Rights, one of the principal lobbyists for
- the legislation.
- </p>
- <p> The 1990 Civil Rights Act would reverse half a dozen
- decisions by the Reagan-engineered Supreme Court that have
- raised a wall of technical obstacles for minorities and women
- bringing discrimination lawsuits against employers. Among other
- things, the bill would ban racial harassment on the job and
- expand existing laws to permit victims of race, religious or
- sex bias to win judgments against their employers and collect
- damages.
- </p>
- <p> By far the most contentious issue is a provision that would
- reimpose on many businesses that are sued the burden of showing
- that their racially or sexually imbalanced work forces result
- from "business necessity" rather than bias. Corporate leaders
- and the President claim the provision will nudge companies to
- hire and promote workers according to statistical race or
- gender formulas, simply to avoid costly discrimination
- lawsuits. Backers of the measure say the fear is unfounded: the
- act stipulates that it does not "require or encourage" quotas.
- </p>
- <p> The stalemate between the President and Congress worries
- many Republicans who do not want the G.O.P. to be perceived as
- anti-civil rights. Former Transportation Secretary William
- Coleman, a prominent black Republican involved in intensive
- negotiations to salvage the measure, warned the President last
- week that a veto would subject the "country and the Republican
- Party to years of divisiveness." Apparently in order to avoid
- just such a possibility--and in the face of demonstrations in
- front of the White House--the President last Saturday sent
- Congress proposals for an 11th-hour compromise.
- </p>
- <p>By Alain L. Sanders. Reported by Jerome Cramer/Washington.
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
-
-